The sinuses are air-filled cavities connected to the nasal cavity, in which secretions are continuously produced. For their healthy functioning, it is essential that the secretions produced are emptied into the nasal passages without hindrance. If the openings of the cavities are not permeable due to narrowing or blockage, the stagnant secretions can cause inflammation, infection and even the formation of nasal polyps. FESS is a modern, minimally invasive surgical procedure that uses endoscopic instruments to restore the natural ventilation and secretion drainage of the sinuses, thus eliminating the complaints caused by chronic inflammation.
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)
When is endoscopic sinus surgery necessary?
FESS surgery is primarily necessary in cases where the natural ventilation and drainage of the sinuses is permanently obstructed. The most common indications include chronic sinusitis and the presence of nasal polyps. In addition, surgical intervention may be necessary in cases of anatomical abnormalities and narrowings that impede breathing and sinus drainage. The endoscopic procedure can also treat blockage of the lacrimal drainage system, and in rare cases, FESS surgery is performed due to benign or malignant tumors, recurrent nosebleeds, or cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, the procedure can be used to relieve the burden on the optic nerve and its canal when it is damaged. The need for the intervention may also be supported by diseases and symptoms such as chronic infection or inflammation of the middle ear, a persistent cough, chronic bronchitis, or exacerbation of pulmonary asthma.
What preliminary tests are required?
The diagnosis is always made with a nasoendoscopy and a CT scan of the sinuses. If these tests indicate surgery, general preoperative tests are required, which vary depending on the patient's age and condition. In the case of children and adults under 30 years of age, an anesthesiology consultation and laboratory tests are required before surgery. Over 30 years of age, this list of tests is supplemented with an ECG, and in the case of patients over 60 years of age or smokers, a chest x-ray is performed to thoroughly assess the surgical risks.
How is FESS surgery performed?
During FESS surgery, no external skin incision is required, as the endoscope is introduced into the nasal and sinus areas through the nasal opening. The procedure can be performed under excellent visual conditions with direct eye control, so only diseased tissue is removed, while sparing the healthy mucosa as much as possible.
One of the basic steps of the surgery is to locate and open the infundibulum – the narrow space that provides ventilation to the sinuses. Further procedures depend on the extent of the disease.
In addition to the endoscope, we also use dedicated microsurgical instruments to work precisely. At the end of the surgery, a swab is placed in the nose to reduce bleeding and promote optimal healing of the mucosa.
What should the patient do after the procedure?
After the operation, our patients spend one night in our hospital. On the day of the operation, rest and plenty of fluids are recommended, with the use of painkillers if necessary. A gentle lifestyle is recommended for the week following the operation, avoiding any activities that may cause an increase in pressure in the head. Forced nose blowing and mechanical cleaning of the nose are prohibited, instead, regular use of nasal oils and nasal ointments is necessary for the proper regeneration of the mucous membrane. Participation in postoperative check-ups is essential, and the operating physician's instructions must be followed exactly.
What are the risks of FESS surgery?
Mild discomfort may occur for a few hours after surgery, which may include bloody sputum, coughing, tearing, headache, or tenderness of the face and forehead. A nasal sling bandage placed beneath the nose will absorb any discharge. The face may be slightly swollen after sinus surgery. Temporary dizziness may occur due to the strain of the operation and possible loss of blood and fluid. Nasal discharge and nasal congestion may persist for several weeks after surgery.
Rarely, postoperative bleeding may occur, which may require the further use of nasal swabs. Injury to the bone bordering the eye socket can cause bleeding and swelling, and in severe cases, surgery is required. Injury to the tear duct can result in tearing or blockage. Air may get under the skin or into the eye socket, but this usually resolves on its own.
FESS surgery fee
You can find our current fee under the prices menu.
WHY CHOOSE DR. ROSE PRIVATE HOSPITAL?
- Highly skilled specialists, modern diagnostic and therapeutic equipment.
- Empathetic, people-centered approach. Our specialists always keep the comfort and safety of our patients in mind.
- Premium inpatient department. Available to our patients are 3 operating rooms and 24 patient rooms with 33 beds to meet all needs. The highest professional standards meet with an exclusive environment where you can heal in safety and with complete peace of mind.
- Fast and predictable appointments. We provide an appointment for the necessary intervention within 1-2 weeks of the first specialist consultation.
For all your ear, nose and throat complaints, contact the doctors at Dr. Rose Private Hospital with confidence.